浅谈意大利语翻译中的性别包容性
This post was originally published at Mirta Boschetti Traduzioni. It is reposted with permission.
你希望你的意大利语翻译是最新的,没有错误,当它涉及到 gender inclusiveness?
As you might already be aware, 如今,交际中讨论最多的问题之一,也是翻译中讨论最多的问题之一 gender-inclusive language.
但是,尽管营销内容创作者每次都对这个问题更加敏感, 性别中立并不总是适用于其他类型的文本, such as technical manuals, instruction guides, and the like. The issue, however, 在翻译这类材料的过程中应该解决哪些问题呢, 尤其是当目的语呈现出与源语不同的特点时.
In this article, 我打算引导你通过我在英语到意大利语翻译中遇到的一些最常见的陷阱,这些陷阱没有考虑到性别包容性, 以及我认为提供性别包容的意大利语翻译的最佳做法.
Let’s have a look at some examples.
1. Welcome to our course!
❌ Benvenuto al corso!
✅ Ti diamo il benvenuto al corso.
第一句使用了阳性形容词benvenuto. 这可以通过使用“benvenuto”作为名词来避免,这可以让你面对更广泛的受众. 也可以使用较新的、不太为人所知的形式,例如“benvenut*” or “benvenutə“, but if you don’t like them, 你可以很容易地通过上述解决方案来避免它们.
Still, 你应该知道,在这个例子中,中性的翻译听起来不太正式(语气有轻微的变化)。, and that 在意大利的社交媒体帖子中,*和*的使用越来越频繁, blog articles, and newsletters. These forms, however, 使用电子设备大声朗读时可能会遇到一些问题, 因为它们在意大利语中没有固定的发音. 选择采用哪一种将取决于许多因素,包括内容的类型和文本的目的,以及品牌的语气.
2. Employees, doctors, readers, clients, etc.
❌ I dipendenti, i dottori, i lettori, i clienti, ecc.
✅ Il personale, Il personale medico, chi legge/chi ci legge, la clientela,等等.
In Italy, 永利登录网址使用过度的男性化已经有很长时间了, 这正是第一个译本中所发生的:这些都是男性复数形式. On the other hand, 第二种翻译给出的选项是中性的:“personale”是一个集体名词(意思是“员工/人员”),“chi”意思是“那些人”。.
只需要几分钟的时间来重新思考和改变最直接的翻译,使其具有性别包容性, so that none feels excluded or hurt by your text.
Other solutions include repeating the noun both in its masculine and feminine form (“i lettori e le lettrici”, “i clienti e le clienti”) or using a slash to separate alternatives (“i/le clienti sono pregnancy / i/le avviarsi / i 'uscita”). These solutions might be less elegant in marketing texts, 但在更技术性和正式的文档中功能相当好.
3. Are you satisfied with your purchase?
❌ Sei soddisfatto del tuo acquisto?
✅ Il tuo acquisto ti soddisfa? / Hai apprezzato il tuo acquisto? / Ripensamenti? / Ci hai ripensato? / Abbiamo soddisfatto le tue aspettative?
In the first Italian translation, the problem is “soddisfatto”, 这是男性化的(你会对女人说“soddisfatta”). 所有其他选项都是解决身份未知的客户端的可能方法:其中一些更接近原始客户端,而另一些则偏离了原始客户端. In this case, the choice should take into account the context: where does this sentence appear? Is it in the feedback section of an e-commerce? 顾客是否在考虑退货?
As you can see, there are numerous possibilities and solutions, 翻译人员的工作就是找到最适合您需求的翻译. In order to be able to do so, however, 译者和他们的客户都应该意识到他们在性别包容性方面的期望.
以下是一些关于如何在进行性别包容的意大利语翻译时确保事情顺利进行的建议.
#1 The power of a good briefing
After the first contact, 翻译人员获得所需的所有信息,以便尽可能地做好工作,这是至关重要的. This exchange of information usually takes place during a briefing session, 这样可以让翻译人员更好地了解客户的公司, brand identity, communication style, and expectations.
At this stage, 翻译人员应该询问客户对如何处理性别包容性有什么偏好 issues.
#2 Training
所有的翻译都应该掌握母语,但语言和写作需要训练!
翻译人员在其职业生涯之前和整个职业生涯中都要接受广泛的培训, and a translator who followed specific training in inclusive language 是否更容易发现文本中的性别包容性问题,并在翻译过程中以最好的方式处理这些问题.
#3 Consistency
这对原文和译文都很重要. The source text should be consistent in its language choices, facilitating the translation into another language. However, 负责翻译的语言专业人员也应该非常小心,并采用一致的解决方案(例如, the use of * or ə) throughout the text.
关于性别包容性语言及其在意大利语翻译中的使用,还有很多要说的, 但我希望这个简短的概述能鼓励你采取行动, 以及给你一些提示,以确保你的翻译总是看起来最好的.
About the Author
Mirta Boschetti 是一名自由的英语/法语到意大利语的营销翻译和字幕师. Her areas of expertise include luxury goods and services, cosmetics, tourism, leisure, and the cultural industry. Find out more about her work and translation routine on Instagram and LinkedIn.
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